| Quality of Earnings | Big-4 or mid-tier FDD engagement | $30k–150k per deal | None. Excel templates only | QOE, JET, QRANGE, WEATHER, REFCHK |
| Valuation, LBO, merger, comps | Capital IQ, PitchBook, Macabacus | $15k–40k per seat/yr | Excel templates; a few DCF notebooks on GitHub | LBO, MERGE, COMPS, PREC, VAL, MCDCF |
| M&A, IPO, activist deal flow | Mergermarket, Dealogic | $20k–50k/yr | SEC EDGAR full-text search (manual) | MA, IPO, SPAC, ACT, INSD, RADAR |
| Legal DD and data-room AI | Kira, Luminance, Datasite AI | $20k–100k/yr | RAG demos with no citation checks | LDD, ROOM, document review |
| Sanctions and counterparty screening | World-Check, Dow Jones Risk, ComplyAdvantage | $5k–50k/yr | OpenSanctions (free for non-commercial use), raw OFAC lists | SCREEN with official lists and registries |
| Credit spreading and covenants | Moody's CreditLens, S&P Capital IQ | $20k–80k/yr | None maintained | SPREAD, COV, COVMC, DTD, BANK |
| Fund performance, waterfall, LP reports | Carta, Allvue, eFront, Juniper Square | $10k–75k/yr | pyxirr, small waterfall scripts | FUND, WATER, LPR, BOOT, DESM, YALE |
| Portfolio-company monitoring | iLEVEL, Chronograph | $15k–50k/yr | Spreadsheets | PMON |
| Company research terminal | Bloomberg Terminal | ~$30k per seat/yr | OpenBB, yfinance | DES, FA, VAL, CONS, OWN, RED, CRED, COVER |
| Fundamentals and screening | FactSet, Refinitiv Workspace | $15k–30k/yr | OpenBB, Finviz free tier, edgartools | FILE, BASE, factor screens |
| Alternative data | Kpler, Vortexa, Quiver | $10k–100k+/yr | Raw public feeds you wire up yourself | SHIP, NOW, NOAA, GOV, ATTN, GDELT |
| Risk models and stress | MSCI Barra, Axioma, RiskMetrics | $25k–80k/yr | Riskfolio-Lib, PyPortfolioOpt, QuantStats | STRESS, SCEN, cross-portfolio risk |
| Quant research and backtesting | FactSet Alpha Testing, QuantConnect, CRSP data | $5k–40k/yr | LEAN, Backtrader, Zipline, vectorbt, Qlib | Validated backtests, nightly research, point-in-time data |
| Model risk and regulatory evidence | Consultants, regulatory reporting vendors | $10k–50k/yr | None | MRM, COMPLY, LEDGER, REGS |
| Country macro for any country | Trading Economics, Bloomberg ECO | $49/week pass to Bloomberg seat | World Bank / IMF downloads by hand | MACROX |
| Industry benchmarks | Capital IQ, FactSet industry data | $15k+/yr | Damodaran spreadsheets by hand | DAMO |
| Credit spreads | Bloomberg CDS screens, Markit | Bloomberg seat | Investing.com pages | CSPRD |
| Private funding rounds | Crunchbase Pro, PitchBook, Fundz | $500–20k+/yr | Crunchbase free tier | FORMD |
| IPO base rates | Dealogic, Renaissance Capital | $10k+/yr | Ritter PDFs | IPOSTAT |
| Market sizing | Statista, IBISWorld, MarketsandMarkets | $1k–10k per report | Census / Eurostat tables by hand | TAM |
| Model templates | Macabacus, Eloquens | $300+/yr | Static Excel templates | XLMODEL |